Four sets of rules meet on every replacement quote this year, and a lot of heating and cooling advertising still describes the version from a year or two ago. This is the short version we write copy from, with every source listed at the foot of the page.
Refrigerant. New residential air conditioners and heat pumps made or imported from January 1, 2025 must use a refrigerant under 700 GWP, which in practice means A2L refrigerants such as R-32 or R-454B. EPA describes them as flammable or mildly flammable, and its rules bar them from systems not designed for them, so an R-410A system cannot be topped up with one. The installation deadline then moved. EPA’s final rule, published May 26, 2026 and effective July 27, removed the January 1, 2026 cutoff and lets R-410A equipment made before 2025 be installed until supply runs out. New York is the exception: ACCA reports that the state’s own rule keeps the January 1, 2026 date.
Repairs were never banned. A homeowner can replace a failed condensing unit or coil with a similar R-410A part, though swapping both together counts as a new system. What changes is cost. The HFC phasedown still holds production and import allowances at 60% of baseline through 2028, and ACCA expects the May rule to push refrigerant prices up for every contractor. “Your system is banned” is false. “Repairs on this system are likely to get more expensive” is a fair conversation to have.
Efficiency. Since January 1, 2023, a new split air conditioner needs at least 13.4 SEER2 in the North and 14.3 SEER2 below 45,000 Btu/h in the Southeast and Southwest, where DOE enforces the regional standard by installation date rather than manufacture date. A split heat pump needs 14.3 SEER2 and 7.5 HSPF2 everywhere. A quote page should name the number that applies in your region, not a national one.
Credits. The IRS ended 25C for equipment placed in service after December 31, 2025, and 25D for spending after that date. Any “federal tax credit” line on a 2026 page comes down. Utility and state rebates may still apply, and they differ from one market to the next, so each is confirmed before it goes into an ad.
Financing. Under Regulation Z, an ad that names a monthly amount or a term length must also give the APR, the down payment and the repayment terms. Saying financing is available does not trigger any of that.